Escalator history

An escalator is considered an easier means of transportation, which was first built in 1859 by an American named Jesse Reno. Over time and with the advancement of science, this device was used in tall buildings, and today, various versions of escalators have been introduced to the market. Currently, most commercial buildings have escalators, which have a suitable speed. It is better to consult with a specialized company in the field of escalators and elevators to obtain the necessary information before installing and purchasing an escalator. In this article, we will review the history of escalators from Owjlift.

The History of the Escalator

In 1859, Jesse Reno, an inventor from Massachusetts, USA, created the escalator, which is now known as the escalator. He used steam power to move the conveyor belt at a 25-degree angle, and the first prototype of this invention was created in 1895. Charles Seeberger, in collaboration with Otis Elevator Company, built the first commercial escalator in 1897 under the name "moving stairs." Finally, in 1911, Jesse Reno and Charles Seeberger sold their production and invention offices to Otis Elevator Company.
In the 1920s, Otis engineers developed the metal base model of the escalator, which is now used as a magical design. These escalators are now widely used worldwide. Installing these escalators in places that are not suitable for regular stairs is very simple, and they can even be installed outdoors with a suitable waterproof guard.
Escalators are usually installed in large stores, shopping centers, airports, hotels, and public buildings, creating an effective and convenient means of transportation in these places.

The history of escalator in Iran

The term "escalator" in Persian is a general term that people have created themselves in dealing with this new phenomenon. General terms do not have a specific history and are created naturally in the flow of language and are used in everyday conversations and writings.
Nathan Ames is recognized as the first inventor of the spiral staircase by examining the history of the escalator, and he was an active innovator in the field of inventions. He was able to register several devices in his name and in addition to inventions, he was also engaged in poetry and writing. Books such as "Pirates' Valley", "The Stone of the Sea", and "Child Harold" are his literary works. Ames died in 1239 (1860).
Although the invention of the spiral staircase was registered under the name of Nathan Ames, he did not make any effort to improve this invention and did not provide any details about the structure, raw materials, and performance of the spiral staircase in his invention.
In studying the history of the escalator, other inventors such as Reno are also seen. The first escalator to be installed at the New York Mineral Exhibition was named Reno. This escalator was used in a two-week exhibition attended by 75,000 people. This device had a slope of 25 meters and operated with an ascending belt. One of its prominent features was its very high strength, so that it is still in use. The escalators made by Reno were made of wooden plates and are still used in the London and Boston subways.

Advantages of Escalators

The advantages of escalators from the past to the present are as follows:
• No waiting: Using an escalator eliminates the waiting time for people to move.
• Transfer of large traffic volume: This device provides the possibility of transferring a large volume of traffic in less time.
• Guidance in specific paths: It is known as the best way to guide people in a specific path in a building.
• Use in schools and reception halls: Escalators have proven their efficiency in environments such as schools and reception halls.
• Separation process in the building: This device creates the possibility of creating a separation process in the building.
• Uniformity in movement speed: Creating uniformity in movement speed in buildings and preventing congestion.
• Combination with elevators: The combination of escalators with elevators provides an ideal situation for vertical movement.
• Security in special buildings: This device makes it possible to create a security barrier in special buildings before accessing the elevator.
• Use of double-cabin elevators: It makes it possible to create the necessary conditions for the use of double-cabin elevators.
• Reversibility: Escalators are reversible and can be used in both directions.
• Equalization of floor values: Improving service and reducing walking leads to the equalization of floor values in commercial buildings.

Escalator Configurations

For escalator systems, there are three main configurations that the most common systems use:
• Parallel Configuration:
In this type of escalator, the steps are placed parallel to each other and move in opposite directions. This structure allows people to easily move from one side to the other.
• Criss-cross Configuration:
In criss-cross escalator systems, the steps move in one direction, minimizing the space required for installation. This type of design is particularly effective in limited spaces.
• Multiple Parallel Configuration:
In multiple parallel systems, two or more escalators with different directions are placed. This type of escalator allows people to move in different directions, benefiting from preventing traffic and increasing efficiency in crowded places.

Factors Influencing Escalator Design

Vertical and Horizontal Distance: 

The amount of vertical and horizontal distance that must be covered for individuals is vital and has a direct impact on comfort and movement health.

Location:

 The location of the escalator in the building and its position relative to other elements is of great importance in design. Optimizing the location of the escalator according to the needs of users and the structure of the building is essential.

Other Infrastructures: 

The impact of building infrastructures such as mechanical, electrical, and surveillance systems on escalator design needs to be considered to achieve full coordination in the physical and operational structure.

Traffic Patterns:

 Understanding traffic patterns and people's movement in the environment helps designers design escalators in a way that prevents unwanted traffic and increases efficiency.

Carrying Capacity: 

Determining the carrying capacity of the escalator and considering the number of people who can use it simultaneously is of great importance.

Safety Considerations: 

In escalator design, safety considerations, including the use of appropriate materials, protection in hazardous areas, and the completeness of the safety system, should be carefully considered.

Aesthetic Priorities:

In escalator design, the importance of aesthetics and coordination with the style and overall design of the building should also be considered so that the escalator is seen as a beautiful and constructive element.

Conclusion 
The escalator was first built in 1859 by an American inventor, and today we see advanced models of this structure. It is better to consult with specialized companies in the field of escalators for installation and purchase of an escalator so that you can make the right choice. In this article, we have reviewed the history of the escalator and its advantages.